Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a rare immunologically mediated multisystem disease of unknown etiology, the morphological basis of which is giant cell granulomatous-necrotizing vasculitis of small arteries, arterioles and venules with combined damage to several organs (mainly the upper respiratory tract, respiratory system, vision, hearing and kidneys). The prevalence of hepatitis B in the population is 25–60 per 1 million, the incidence is 3–12 per 1 million people; in Europe, the prevalence of hepatitis B is five cases per 100 thousand population, and in Northern Europe this figure is even higher.

This article analyzes and discusses the characteristics of 12 endocrine cells of the duodenum and its development in the early postnatal period of life.

The problem of adenoids in childhood has not been solved to date. In pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 70-75% of operations in pediatric ENT hospitals are performed for hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil. To this day, the question of the justification of this approach to adenoids has not been fully resolved. It is also not established in which cases surgical intervention is necessary and to what extent.

A review of current problems in otorhinolaryngology is made, in particular cysts of the nasal adnexa, which develop among the most complex non-purulent processes. Cysts are mainly incidental abnormalities in the diagnosis of paranasal diseases. The work presents modern data on the etiology, pathogenesis, health characteristics, methods of diagnosis and treatment of cysts of paranasal diseases using the latest scientific achievements. The developed minimally invasive methods of surgical treatment, these principles, reduce the risk of developing postoperative complications and shorten the treatment time for patients. However, despite this, the question of the advantages and principles of various methods for removing cysts of accessory teeth, which have not yet been replaced by traditional solutions, remains controversial.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is now recognized to affect approximately 10% of the adult population in industrialized countries. Allergens, viruses and bacteria, air pollutants and similar chemicals, which are recognized as the main causes of the development of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), cause irritation of the epithelial layer, which in turn causes local inflammation of the sinus mucosa. As a result, the swelling of the mucous membrane leads to the narrowing or blocking of the natural openings of the nose and the retention of mucus. Modern functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is an effective and safe method of treating diseases of the paranasal sinuses in children, and its success is important in the correct determination of indications, patient preparation, adequate management of anesthesia, and correct assessment of the postoperative period.

Dizziness is one of the most common complaints among patients seeking help from doctors of various specialties, especially a neurologist [2]. Every year, at least 6 million patients with dizziness seek medical help, and the number of patients with dizziness increases every year [4,5]. About half of patients with dizziness are people of working age. Dizziness is detected in 2.5% of the population aged 25 to 44 years, in 8.3% over the age of 65 years and in 18.2-39% over 80 years [6].

The article describes the symptoms, main methods of diagnosis and treatment of ulnar nerve neuropathy at the level of the cubital canal. Indications for surgical treatment have been determined. The most common operations indicated for this pathology are described.