This article studies the folklore motifs in Sa’dulla Siyoyev’s Ahmad Yassaviy, focusing mainly on the motif of overcoming the nafs. The research analyzes how folklore traditions, symbolic images, and Sufi ideas are combined in the artistic structure of the novel. Special attention is given to the spiritual and moral development of the main character, Ahmad Yassaviy, who is portrayed as a symbol of purity, patience, modesty, and spiritual perfection.

The article explains the concept of nafs in Sufi philosophy and discusses its role in the process of human self-purification. In the novel, overcoming the nafs is presented as an internal struggle against worldly desires, selfishness, pride, and material attachment. The study examines how Ahmad Yassaviy achieves spiritual maturity through patience, self-control, and devotion to God. This process is reflected through various folklore motifs, symbolic episodes, legends, moral tests, and folk-style narrative elements. The research also investigates the connection between Uzbek folklore and Sufi literature. It highlights that many features of oral folk творчество, such as symbolic journeys, spiritual trials, wise-man images, and moral teachings, are actively used in the novel. These folkloric elements strengthen the national spirit of the work and help the author reveal the inner world of the protagonist more deeply.

Furthermore, the article analyzes the artistic function of folklore motifs in creating the philosophical atmosphere of the novel. The motif of overcoming the nafs is interpreted not only as a religious or mystical idea but also as a universal human value connected with morality, honesty, patience, and spiritual discipline. The study emphasizes that the novel promotes important ethical values that remain relevant in modern society. The findings show that folklore motifs play an essential role in the ideological and artistic structure of the novel. Through the motif of overcoming the nafs, the author presents the idea that true human greatness is achieved through spiritual purification and victory over one’s inner weaknesses. Therefore, the novel can be considered an important example of the harmony between folklore traditions and Sufi philosophy in modern Uzbek literature.

folklore motif, nafs, Sufism, spiritual purification, Ahmad Yassaviy, Sa’dulla Siyoyev, Uzbek literature, folk traditions, moral perfection, spiritual struggle.

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