This article explores the historical construction process, technical parameters, and ideological foundations of the Great Fergana Canal based on archival documents and academic sources. Built in 1939 within just 45 days through a mass mobilization campaign known as hashar, the canal traverses the territories of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan, becoming one of the region's most significant irrigation systems. Despite severe shortages of machinery and technology, the project engaged 160,000 workers and stands today as a monumental Soviet hydrotechnical achievement.

Great Fergana Canal, Soviet irrigation, hashar, hydraulic engineering, history of Central Asia.

Teichmann, C. (2007). Canals, cotton, and the limits of de-colonization in Soviet Uzbekistan, 1924–1941. Central Asian Survey, 26(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/02634930802018240

Rakhmatullaev, S., Huneau, F., & Celle-Jeanton, H. (2013). Water reservoirs, irrigation and sedimentation in Central Asia: A first-cut assessment for Uzbekistan. Environmental Earth Sciences, 70(6), 2451–2462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1802-0

Dukhovny, V. A., Sokolov, V. I., & Ziganshina, D. R. (2013). Integrated water resources management in Central Asia, as a way of survival in conditions of water scarcity. Quaternary International. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2013.04.006

Brite, E. B. (2018). The hydrosocial empire: The Karakum River and the Soviet conquest of Central Asia in the 20th century. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 50, 69–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2018.04.003

Spoor, M., & Thiemann, L. (2025). Hydro-Authoritarianism: Mega-Engineering the (Semi-) Arid Regions of Central Eurasia and China. Europe-Asia Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2024.2441711

Xenarios, S., Shenhav, R., & Abdullaev, I. (2018). Current and future challenges of water security in Central Asia. In Global Water Security Issues (pp. 63–84). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7913-9_5

Zhiltsov, S. S., Zhiltsova, M. S., & Medvedev, N. P. (2018). Water resources of Central Asia: Historical overview. In Water Politics in Central Asia (pp. 55–70). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2018_358

Högselius, P. (2022). The hidden integration of Central Asia: The making of a region through technical infrastructures. Central Asian Survey, 41(1), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/02634937.2021.1953963

Rakhmatullaev, S., & Abdullaev, I. (2015). Transformation of water management in Central Asia: From state-centric hydraulic mission to socio-political control. Environmental Earth Sciences, 74(2), 735–748. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2879-9

O'Hara, S. L. (2000). Lessons from the past: Water management in Central Asia. Water Policy, 2(4), 365–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1366-7017(00)00010-6

Xusanov, S. (2024). The Construction of the Big Fergana Canal – The Real Courageous Example of Uzbek People. International Bulletin of Applied Science and Technology, 4(6), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11607889

https://platina.uz/o'z/2023/6/3/84-yil-avval-xalqimizni-sinovdan-otkazgan-45-kun tarixi.

“Great Fergana Canal” (en-US). Seventeen Moments in Soviet History (2015-yil 18- iyun). Qaraldi: 2018-yil 27-may.

"Horizon" by Said Ahmed. Said Ahmadning “Ufq” asari 1976

https://archive.uz/post/katta-fargona-kanali-qurilishi-ozbek-xalqining-haqiqiy-jasorat namunasi.

Usmankhodzhaev V., Kuzmin M., Bolshoy Fergansky canal name Usmana Yusupova, T., 1972. – C. 67. Усманходжаев В., Кузьмин М., Большой Ферганский канал имени Усмана Юсупова, Т., 1972. – C. 67.