This article traces the transformation of women’s roles in Uzbek society from the early twentieth century to the present. It assesses the impact of Soviet-era modernization, post-independence market reforms, and the current state agenda for gender equality. Key legal milestones—such as the 2019 Equal Rights Law and the Gender Equality Strategy 2030—are examined alongside trends in female labour force participation, entrepreneurship, and political representation. Persistent cultural barriers, from gender stereotypes to the urban-rural divide, are analysed to show how their gradual removal is converting women’s potential into a major driver of Uzbekistan’s sustainable development.

gender equality, social mobility, women, Uzbekistan, employment, political participation, entrepreneurship, cultural stereotypes, domestic violence.

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