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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37547/supsci-ojss-05-08-11
FAKHRIDDIN AL-RAZI’S VIEWS ON THE CONCEPT OF THE “PERFECT HUMAN”
Inoyat Saparovich Eshpulatov ,Abstract
This article explores the philosophical and mystical interpretations of the concept of the “Perfect Human” (al-Insān al-Kāmil) in the works of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, a prominent Islamic scholar and theologian of the 12th century. Using historical-analytical, textual, comparative, and philosophical methods, the study investigates how al-Razi integrates rational theology, practical wisdom, and spiritual ethics in his approach to human perfection. Although he did not author a dedicated treatise on the “Perfect Human”, al-Razi frequently addressed related themes such as intellectual maturity, ethical excellence, and spiritual purification in works like Tafsir al-Kabir, Asrar al-Tanzil, and Mabahith al-Mashriqiyyah. The paper compares al-Razi’s views with those of other key thinkers such as Ibn Sina, al-Ghazali, and Ibn Arabi to reveal his unique synthesis of rationalism and spirituality. Ultimately, al-Razi emphasizes the role of practical intellect as a central tool in the journey toward human happiness (saʿāda) and moral-spiritual excellence.
Keywords
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Perfect Human, Islamic philosophy, Sufism, practical intellect, human perfection, happiness, spiritual development.
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