This article examines the political situation in Central Asia and the Middle East at the end of the 14th century, with particular emphasis on the activities of the regional alliance formed against Amir Timur. Special attention is given to the political initiatives and diplomatic activities of Qadi Burhan al-Din Ahmad, the ruler of Kayseri–Sivas. The study analyzes his refusal to submit to Amir Timur, as well as his diplomatic correspondence with the Mamluk sultan Barquq, the Ottoman sultan Yıldırım Bayazid, and the Golden Horde. Based on the works of Egyptian historians Badr al-Din Mahmūd al-ʿAynī and Jalāl al-Dīn Ibn Taghribirdī, the article reveals the role of Qadi Burhan al-Din in the creation of the regional coalition opposing Timur. It also describes Timur’s actions aimed at dismantling this alliance and his subsequent campaign against Sivas. The research highlights the political and diplomatic processes, interstate relations, and struggle for power in late 14th-century Asia Minor.

Qadi Burhan al-Din, Barquq, Yildirim Bayazid, Asia Minor, Sivas, Golden Horde, Ottoman Empire.

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