This article analyzes the main factors and dynamics of regional competition between Turkey and Iran in the context of the Syrian civil war. The study examines the foreign policies pursued by both states toward the Syrian crisis using a comparative approach. Alongside the ideological dimensions of Turkish and Iranian policies, their realpolitik and geopolitical interests are also explored. The role of the Syrian conflict in the regional balance of power is analyzed, and the security and political consequences of this competition are assessed. The findings of the study contribute to understanding the prospective directions of Turkey–Iran relations in the Middle East.

Syrian civil war; Turkish foreign policy; Iranian foreign policy; Shiite Crescent; “Euphrates Shield,” “Olive Branch,” and “Peace Spring” operations; regional geopolitical competition.

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