The article analyzes the relation between the human person, ethics, and freedom in ninth- to twelfth-century Islamic philosophy and kalām. Using historical-philosophical and comparative methods, it examines the views of al-Farabi, Avicenna, Abu Mansur al-Maturidi, and Abu Hamid al-Ghazali without projecting modern individual autonomy onto classical concepts. The analysis shows that free action is linked to reason, virtue, choice, intention, responsibility, and happiness. Erkin Yusupov’s views on freedom of thought and moral-social responsibility are assessed as a modern Uzbek interpretation of the classical heritage. A three-level model of the “human person – ethics – freedom” relation is proposed: anthropological capacity, ethical orientation, and social conditions.

Eastern philosophy, human person, ethics, freedom, choice, responsibility, al-Farabi, Avicenna, al-Maturidi, al-Ghazali, Erkin Yusupov.

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