This article examines the artistic representation of the Eastern pedagogical model in Gafur Gulyam’s masterpiece "Shum Bola" and its perception by Western audiences through English translation. The research focuses on the linguacultural distance between the Uzbek collective upbringing system - characterized by the “usta-shogird” (master-apprentice) tradition, community oversight (mahalla), and moral didacticism - and Western individualistic social norms. Using comparative-typological and receptive analysis, the study identifies the specific challenges faced by translators in conveying national values to foreign readers. The findings suggest that while the narrative remains engaging, certain pedagogical nuances, such as strict discipline and spiritual blessings (duo), may undergo conceptual shifts in the target culture. The article concludes that successful translation requires a balance between domestication and foreignization to preserve the original didactic spirit for the Western audience.

The relevance of this article  consists in an integrated approach to the study of  cultural code  of different nations in the process of multilingual communication. Language does not exist in isolation from culture; rather, it functions as the fundamental mechanism through which all other manifestations of culture become possible. No element of a cultural system can emerge or be meaningfully understood by members of a community unless it has first been verbalized, designated, and incorporated into the space of discursive exchange.Under these conditions, intercultural communication gradually develops its own conceptual and terminological apparatus, formulates a system of key concepts, and establishes its methodological foundations. This makes it possible to regard it not as a peripheral field within the structure of the humanities, but as a self-sufficient and mature scholarly discipline with its own objects, methods, and research objectives.

This article explоres the linguоpragmatic features оf presuppоsitiоnal and implicative interrоgative sentences based оn the nоvels “Sarоb” by Abdulla Qahhоr and “An American Tragedy” by Theоdоre Dreiser. The study demоnstrates that presuppоsitiоnal interrоgatives express implicit backgrоund knоwledge, while implicative interrоgatives cоnvey indirect meanings and the inner psychоlоgical states оf characters. The cоmparative analysis highlights differences in authоrial style and the use оf pragmatic devices. The findings emphasize the impоrtance оf pragmatic analysis in literary texts.

The article analyzes the poetic interaction between reality and wonder in the prose of Khudoyberdi Tokhtabayev, using the fairy-tale novella Riding the Yellow Div as an example. It examines the combination of realistic depictions of life and supernatural phenomena within a single artistic space, as well as the role of the magical object as a device that drives the plot and performs an educational and aesthetic function. The article also reveals the relationship between folklore traditions and the author’s principles of artistic renewal. Special attention is given to the interpretation of theoretical concepts of magical realism in the context of Uzbek children’s literature, the Soviet literary environment, and Eastern fairy-tale traditions.

This article examines the interconnection between language and culture from linguistic, sociocultural, and communicative perspectives. The study analyzes the role of language as a carrier of cultural values and national identity, as well as the influence of culture on vocabulary, communication styles, and discourse.

 The article also explores the importance of intercultural communication in the era of globalization and digital technologies. Scientific approaches proposed by Edward Sapir, Benjamin Lee Whorf, Claire Kramsch, and David Crystal are discussed in relation to language and cultural interaction. The research concludes that language and culture are inseparable phenomena that mutually influence human cognition, communication, and social development.

This article analyzes the artistic interpretation of Eastern civilization, cultural space, and the scientific-educational environment in Noah Gordon’s novel The Physician. The journey of the protagonist, Rob Cole, to the Eastern world is interpreted not merely as a geographic relocation, but as a process of spiritual and intellectual transformation. The study provides an extensive analysis of Eastern scientific centers, medical traditions, Sufi perspectives, and the cultural landscape of medieval Muslim society. In the work, Eastern civilization is presented in sharp contrast to the West: while England is depicted as a place of darkness, disease, and ignorance—where medical knowledge remains limited to folk remedies and barber-surgery—the East, particularly Isfahan, is portrayed as a hub of science, medicine, philosophy, culture, and religious tolerance.

This article studies the folklore motifs in Sa’dulla Siyoyev’s Ahmad Yassaviy, focusing mainly on the motif of overcoming the nafs. The research analyzes how folklore traditions, symbolic images, and Sufi ideas are combined in the artistic structure of the novel. Special attention is given to the spiritual and moral development of the main character, Ahmad Yassaviy, who is portrayed as a symbol of purity, patience, modesty, and spiritual perfection.

The article explains the concept of nafs in Sufi philosophy and discusses its role in the process of human self-purification. In the novel, overcoming the nafs is presented as an internal struggle against worldly desires, selfishness, pride, and material attachment. The study examines how Ahmad Yassaviy achieves spiritual maturity through patience, self-control, and devotion to God. This process is reflected through various folklore motifs, symbolic episodes, legends, moral tests, and folk-style narrative elements. The research also investigates the connection between Uzbek folklore and Sufi literature. It highlights that many features of oral folk творчество, such as symbolic journeys, spiritual trials, wise-man images, and moral teachings, are actively used in the novel. These folkloric elements strengthen the national spirit of the work and help the author reveal the inner world of the protagonist more deeply.

Furthermore, the article analyzes the artistic function of folklore motifs in creating the philosophical atmosphere of the novel. The motif of overcoming the nafs is interpreted not only as a religious or mystical idea but also as a universal human value connected with morality, honesty, patience, and spiritual discipline. The study emphasizes that the novel promotes important ethical values that remain relevant in modern society. The findings show that folklore motifs play an essential role in the ideological and artistic structure of the novel. Through the motif of overcoming the nafs, the author presents the idea that true human greatness is achieved through spiritual purification and victory over one’s inner weaknesses. Therefore, the novel can be considered an important example of the harmony between folklore traditions and Sufi philosophy in modern Uzbek literature.

This article examines the role of digital public relations tools in establishing sustainable, long-term relationships with target audiences under conditions of digital transformation. The efficiency of tools such as trust-building mechanisms, SEO optimization, content marketing, influencer collaborations, and social media marketing in the digital landscape is analyzed. The research provides a comparative study between advanced foreign experiences (USA, UK) and local practices within the digital media environment of Uzbekistan. In conclusion, scientific and practical recommendations are developed for brands and public organizations to enhance audience loyalty.

This study is devoted to the development and implementation of an innovative model of Russian language teaching aimed at the effective development of students' speech competences with regard to their future professional activities. The model is based on the application of the technology of «language portfolios», which allows creating an individual learning trajectory for each student. To develop and test the model of Russian language teaching, which will contribute to the formation of students' all necessary speech skills for successful communication in the professional environment. Modern realities require from university graduates not only deep theoretical knowledge, but also developed communicative skills. The use of «language portfolios» technology allows making the process of Russian language teaching more individual, focused on the practical needs of students and contributing to their successful socialization in the professional environment.

This research report presents a comprehensive philological analysis of the mechanisms of metaphorization and the specific characteristics of Tatyana Tolstaya's individual authorial style in the genre of short prose. The paper explores the phenomenon of "metaphorical style," where tropes serve not only as a means of artistic expression but also as the primary principle of organizing the fictional world at the character, spatial, and temporal levels. The focus of attention is on the convergence of speech techniques, lexico-semantic syncretism, and the formation of the metabole-image as the foundation of the poetics of "dense" writing. The study covers both early short stories and the "new prose" of the 2010s, revealing an evolution from Baroque redundancy to a documentary "ego-text." The analysis confirms that the individuality of Tolstaya's language is based on the anthropomorphic animism of the material world and complex intertextual play, which allows for the classification of her work as a unique synthesis of modernist traditions and a postmodern worldview.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of the “Southern Renaissance,” an unprecedented rise in the literature of the southern states of the United States during the first half of the twentieth century. The study employs comparative-historical, comparative-typological, descriptive-analytical, and cultural-historical methods. Through the comparative-historical method, the stages of the formation of the “Southern Renaissance” and the socio-political factors influencing its development are examined. The comparative-typological method is used to identify the similarities and differences between the “Southern Renaissance” and other literary movements, particularly European modernism and the “Harlem Renaissance.” Based on the descriptive-analytical method, the works and literary heritage of the leading representatives are analyzed. The cultural-historical method reveals the influence of the “Lost Cause” ideology, the trauma of the Civil War, and modernization processes on the literary movement. The article also pays special attention to the impact of the “Southern Renaissance” on world literature, especially on Latin American magical realism.

This article analyzes the issues of tradition, innovation, and mastery in Avaz Otar's poetry. It demonstrates that Avaz's poems (qita) are distinguished by a high level of mastery in their themes, ideas, imagery, and poetic figures. The article argues that the poet not only continued but also developed the traditions of Alisher Navoi. Using manuscript sources, it also addresses the shortcomings of Avaz Otar's previously published poems. Based on examples from Avaz's works, substantiated conclusions are drawn.

The study of the relationships between language and society, society and language, various dialectical forms of speech, communicative interactions characteristic of representatives of different professional fields, as well as speech relations connected with age and gender as distinct types of discourse, encourages the investigation of medical discourse as a separate object of study. Medical discourse consists of the complex communicative processes between doctors and patients, medical consultations, and the communication practices of employees working in medical higher educational institutions and healthcare systems.

This article analyzes the grammatical and lexical-semantic features of the Uzbek and Arabic languages from a comparative-typological perspective. The study compares the structural differences between agglutinative and inflectional systems, as well as the functional aspects of grammatical gender, number, and definiteness-indefiniteness categories. In addition, the semantic transformation of certain Arabic borrowings in the Uzbek language is examined through examples. The findings of the study help explain some interference-related difficulties encountered in teaching Arabic to Uzbek learners.

This article analyzes the stages of development of Chinese drama and literature in the second half of the 20th century. The author explores the period of stagnation during the "Cultural Revolution," the subsequent revival processes, and the impact of the "Root-Seeking" movement on literature. Additionally, famous dramatic works of the period and the ideological and artistic changes within them are scientifically examined.

This article examines the role of Chinese rhetoric in world linguistics based on modern scholarly research. The study highlights the distinctive features of Chinese written and spoken discourse and reveals its differences from Western rhetorical traditions.