This article analyzes the unique cultural and spiritual heritage of the Surkhan oasis, specifically the history of the Sherobod school of bakhshi (epic chanting) and the formation of theatrical art in the region. Based on archival data, the study examines the ideological pressures during the Soviet regime, the bans imposed on the “Alpomish” epic, and the struggles to preserve national identity. Furthermore, it highlights the revival of the art of bakhshi during the independence years and the significance of the International Festival of Bakhshi Art held in Termez in safeguarding national values and traditions.

The article provides a comparative legal analysis of international standards for ensuring the procedural rights of minors and their implementation in national legislation. It examines UN instruments, EU Directive 2016/800, the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights, as well as regulatory models in Germany, the United Kingdom, Russia, and several CIS countries. Three conceptual approaches are identified: the formal-normative, paternalistic, and functional (child-friendly justice) models. The study argues that international standards recognize minors not merely as objects of protection but as active procedural subjects whose views and psychological condition must have real influence on decision-making. It concludes that international standards should not be mechanically transplanted but substantively adapted and gradually implemented within the national legal framework.

This article examines road traffic accidents that have occurred in our country over the past five years. It also presents the results of sociological surveys conducted to prevent such incidents. Based on an analysis of the survey findings, practical proposals and recommendations have been developed to prevent human-related road traffic accidents through the effective organization of interagency cooperation, as well as to address existing gaps in national legislation in this area.

This article analyzes the specific features of public opinion formation in countries undergoing socio-political transformation processes. During periods of transformation, old institutions and values lose their influence, while new ones have not yet been fully established. It is precisely this transitional stage that gives public opinion such characteristics as instability, polarization, and distrust. The study is based on sociological surveys, focus groups, and expert interviews conducted between 2022 and 2025 in six regions of Uzbekistan (Tashkent city, Tashkent, Samarkand, Fergana, Kashkadarya, and Karakalpakstan). The number of respondents amounted to 1,850 people, with quota sampling based on region, age, and gender. The article identifies five key characteristics typical of the transformational period: polarization of opinions, decline in institutional trust, weakening of the ability to critically evaluate information, increasing inclination toward forms of mass participation, and instability in the dynamics of political expectations. The findings of the study are of practical significance for institutions managing political processes and specialists in public relations.

The article analyzes the evolution of approaches to religious issues under the conditions of the “Perestroika” reforms implemented by the Soviet government in the second half of the 1980s. The author focuses on the conflict between local Islamic traditions in Central Asia and radical ideas introduced from outside the region. The study reveals the genesis of the “Mujaddidiya” and “Ahl al-Sunna” movements formed in the Fergana Valley, as well as new groups that emerged under the influence of Salafism.

The article analyzes the conceptual foundations of combating human trafficking and the mechanisms of cooperation between law enforcement agencies and state organizations. It highlights the transition of state policy towards a “victim-centered approach” and identifies existing procedural, bureaucratic, and organizational challenges in inter-agency integration. Based on international standards, specific innovative and regional models are proposed to improve the effectiveness of the national referral mechanism.

This article examines the legal and ethical challenges of ensuring human rights in the context of the rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies. Particular attention is paid to issues such as algorithmic bias, data privacy, accountability, and the impact on labor rights. The study highlights both the opportunities and potential risks that artificial intelligence poses to human rights. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need to improve legal frameworks and ethical principles for regulating artificial intelligence.

This scientific article provides a comprehensive analysis of the correlation between crimes stipulated in Articles 182 and 184 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan concerning violations of customs legislation and evasion of taxes or fees. It is substantiated that these acts occupy an important place among crimes against the foundations of the economy. The paper highlights law-enforcement problems caused by the absence of a direct legal definition of “customs duty” in current legislation. The consistency of the Tax Code, Customs Code and Criminal Code norms is scientifically evaluated.

The article examines the philosophical and medical concept of health in Ibn Sina’s heritage as an integral system uniting the physical, spiritual, and moral aspects of human existence. It is shown that, in his teaching, health is understood as a dynamic balance maintained through lifestyle, nutrition, movement, sleep, mental state, and the influence of the external environment. Special attention is paid to the doctrine of the six vital factors, which largely correlates with the principles of modern preventive medicine. It is concluded that Ibn Sina’s ideas remain relevant as a philosophical foundation for the culture of health, moderation, and personal responsibility for one’s own condition.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical and archaeological context of a newly discovered tombstone in Shahrisabz associated with Shaykh al-Islam Khoja Abdurahman al-Ansari. The study integrates archaeological field data, epigraphic analysis, and classical historical sources. Special attention is given to the transformation of Kesh from a rural settlement during the Samanid period into a major urban and intellectual center by the Timurid era. The findings contribute to reconstructing the historical topography of Shahrisabz and identifying key figures in the religious elite of Central Asia.

This article presents a comprehensive scholarly analysis of the formation and evolution of the concept of the “perfect human” in Japan’s historical and philosophical heritage. The study examines ideas of natural harmony developed within Shintoism (神道 – shinto), approaches to spiritual perfection in Buddhism (仏教 – bukkyō), as well as the ethical norms of Confucianism (儒教 – jukyō) and interpretations of the human ideal within the ethical system of Bushidō (武士道), applying a comparative-philosophical method. The research also analyzes the processes of modernization following the Meiji Restoration (明治) period, as well as the ideas of individualism and enlightenment reflected in the works of Fukuzawa Yukichi. The findings demonstrate that the concept of the “perfect human” in Japan emerged as a synthesis of religious, ethical, and social values, and in the modern era it is manifested in the integration of personal freedom, social responsibility, and intellectual maturity.

This study contributes to a systematic understanding of the evolutionary development of ideas about human perfection in Japanese philosophical thought and deepens the comprehension of intercultural interpretations of the “perfect human” concept.

This article examines the history of meetings held with representatives of business circles from foreign countries who visited the Kashkadarya region with the aim of forming and developing mutual economic relations. The impact of these meetings on the socio-economic development of the region is analyzed, and it is substantiated with scientific evidence that they have served as an important factor in the development of agriculture and industrial sectors in the region.

This article scientifically analyzes the historical and modern role of the Great Silk Road in the economic development of the Central Asian region, the impact of trade routes on the formation of infrastructure and the domestic market. During the study, the characteristics of the ancient and medieval economy, the efficiency of international transit corridors and issues of regional integration are covered in detail.

This article presents analyses based on the results of surveys conducted among military personnel (employees) of the National Guard and youth in penitentiary institutions. The findings were comprehensively examined, and factors negatively affecting public safety, as well as their underlying causes, were substantiated. The role of family and “street” upbringing in this context is highlighted. Furthermore, practical proposals and recommendations have been developed to address gaps in national legislation in order to enhance youth legal awareness and culture.

This article analyzes the legal, organizational, and practical aspects of training, retraining, and professional development of personnel in the system of prosecution bodies of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The article highlights the constitutional and legal foundations of personnel training in prosecution bodies, presidential decrees, orders of the Prosecutor General, as well as the role of the Law Enforcement Academy in this area. In addition, the importance of introducing dual education, distance learning, virtual learning platforms, and practice-oriented problem-based teaching methods is substantiated.

This article provides a scientific and theoretical analysis of the concept of religious radicalism, its essence, and the stages of its historical formation . The study uncovers the socio-political and psychological factors that contribute to religious radicalization, emphasizing how the distortion of religious ideas negatively impacts social stability, tolerance, and interethnic harmony . Furthermore, it examines the historical roots of radical views, from early theological disputes to modern manifestations, and highlights religious enlightenment as a key factor in prevention.

The article examines information about the Karakalpaks contained in the works of participants of the Amu Darya Expedition of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society in the 19th century. It analyzes ethnographic, historical, and statistical-economic materials reflecting the patterns of settlement, economic activities, daily life, and traditional culture of the Karakalpaks. Special attention is paid to descriptions of the natural environment of the Southern Aral Sea region, forms of subsistence, as well as aspects of social organization and everyday life. The study highlights the importance of expedition materials as early scientific sources on the history and ethnography of the Karakalpaks.

This article analyzes the formation and development of traditional singing art in ancient Central Asia within the context of socio-political and cultural transformations. Particular attention is given to the evolution of musical culture from the Kushan period to the era of the Turkic Khaganate, and the role of urbanization and oral folk traditions. The contribution of prominent Eastern scholars such as Abu Nasr al-Farabi, Abu Ali Ibn Sina, and Safiuddin Urmavi to the development of music theory is examined. Based on archaeological findings, historical sources, and scholarly research, this study highlights the characteristics of musical traditions, instruments, and performance practices. Special emphasis is also placed on the творчество of Borbad Marvazi and his significance in the history of Eastern Music.

This article analyzes the entry of women into public life in Uzbekistan at the beginning of the 20th century, in the context of Soviet modernization and the "Attack" movement. The examples of the work of Nurkhon Yuldashkhojayeva, Tursunoy Saidazimova, and Tojikhon Shodiyeva highlight the courage of women in removing the veil, performing on the theater stage, and in public work. The complex and tragic nature of this process is revealed through traditional patriarchal resistance, honor killings, and Soviet repression. The study shows that these women became important symbols of gender equality and cultural reforms in Uzbek society, but were victimized by coercive Soviet policies.

This article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of developing the spiritual being of an individual in the context of the New Uzbekistan. Particular attention is paid to the influence of historical heritage and national values on the spiritual development of the individual from a socio-philosophical perspective. The study analyzes the interconnection between spiritual development processes and contemporary social transformations, as well as the challenges of preserving national identity under globalization. It highlights the role of historical memory, cultural heritage, and moral values in shaping the individual’s spiritual world. Based on the findings, scientific conclusions and practical recommendations are proposed for fostering a spiritually mature individual in modern conditions.

This article covers studying the socio-philosophical factors of using bibliotherapy in increasing the philosophical worldview of young people, the study of the content and conceptual foundations of increasing the philosophical worldview of young people, clarifying the role and possibilities of bibliotherapy in increasing the philosophical worldview of young people. Proposals and recommendations have also been developed on the tasks and prospects for using bibliotherapy to increase the philosophical worldview of young people in New Uzbekistan.

This research article examines the emergence of viticulture in the territory of Ancient Khorezm, its agricultural development, and its socioeconomic and cultural significance. Based on an analysis of archaeological, paleobotanical, and written sources, the early stages of viticulture, its connection with irrigation systems, and its role in trade relations are revealed. The influence of Khorezmian viticulture on the development of Central Asian civilization is also assessed.

This article examines the issues of digitalizing appeals from individuals and legal entities at the pre-trial stage of case proceedings in Uzbekistan. It analyzes the advantages of using digital technologies in receiving, registering, and processing appeals, as well as existing practical challenges and the legal framework. Although digitalization increases efficiency, its improper application may lead to legal disputes and negatively affect the rights of citizens.

The article examines the historical features of diplomatic, trade, and political relations between the Turkestan region and China, determined by its geopolitical position. Special attention is given to the transformation of these contacts in the 19th century following the incorporation of the region into the Russian Empire, as well as to the role of Yakub Beg and the impact of external factors, including the “Great Game”. The study analyzes forms of diplomatic interaction, border regulation issues, and the role of intermediaries in fostering interstate relations.

This article analyzes the relationship between spiritual growth and an enlightened society from a socio-philosophical point of view. The study reveals the essence of the concepts of spirituality and enlightenment, their role in the development of society, and their mutual influence. The author substantiates that spiritual growth is a factor in the internal development of society, and an enlightened society is a practical expression of this process. The article also highlights the importance of the harmony of these two concepts in social stability, the formation of civic consciousness, and innovative development. The results of the study show that ensuring the harmony of spirituality and enlightenment is an important condition for the development of society.